Fix Vulkan validation errors

This PR fixes several validation errors caused by invalid Vulkan usage. These validation errors often end up invoking Undefined Behavior on the driver side, which can lead to artifacts or crashes which are driver specific and otherwise incredibly hard to track. I don't think it should have any impact on performance, but it would be good to test it with as many games as possible (maybe a bug in a game was fixed?).

Each commit fixes an error. I added to each a description with the validation error that was fixed and a small explanation on what was causing it and how I fixed it.

Co-authored-by: AsperTheDog <guillerman0000@gmail.com>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/BarrierBatch.cs

@@ -46,7 +46,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public static (AccessFlags Access, PipelineStageFlags Stages) GetSubpassAccessSuperset(VulkanRenderer gd)
         {
-            AccessFlags access = BufferAccess;
+            AccessFlags access = BufferAccess |
+                AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit |
+                AccessFlags.ShaderWriteBit |
+                AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentReadBit |
+                AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentWriteBit |
+                AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentReadBit |
+                AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentWriteBit;
+
             PipelineStageFlags stages = PipelineStageFlags.AllGraphicsBit;
 
             if (gd.TransformFeedbackApi != null)
@@ -58,7 +65,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return (access, stages);
         }
 
-        private readonly record struct StageFlags : IEquatable<StageFlags>
+        private readonly record struct StageFlags
         {
             public readonly PipelineStageFlags Source;
             public readonly PipelineStageFlags Dest;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/TextureCopy.cs

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Image dstImage,
             TextureCreateInfo srcInfo,
             TextureCreateInfo dstInfo,
+            TextureCreateInfo srcStorageInfo,
+            TextureCreateInfo dstStorageInfo,
             Extents2D srcRegion,
             Extents2D dstRegion,
             int srcLayer,
@@ -40,6 +42,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 return (xy1, xy2);
             }
 
+            static (Offset3D, Offset3D) ClampOffsetsToMip(Offset3D xy1, Offset3D xy2, int mipW, int mipH)
+            {
+                return (
+                    new Offset3D(Math.Min(xy1.X, mipW), Math.Min(xy1.Y, mipH), xy1.Z),
+                    new Offset3D(Math.Min(xy2.X, mipW), Math.Min(xy2.Y, mipH), xy2.Z));
+            }
+
             if (srcAspectFlags == 0)
             {
                 srcAspectFlags = srcInfo.Format.ConvertAspectFlags();
@@ -80,6 +89,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 (srcOffsets.Element0, srcOffsets.Element1) = ExtentsToOffset3D(srcRegion, srcInfo.Width, srcInfo.Height, level);
                 (dstOffsets.Element0, dstOffsets.Element1) = ExtentsToOffset3D(dstRegion, dstInfo.Width, dstInfo.Height, level);
 
+                int srcMipW = Math.Max(1, srcStorageInfo.Width >> (int)copySrcLevel);
+                int srcMipH = Math.Max(1, srcStorageInfo.Height >> (int)copySrcLevel);
+                int dstMipW = Math.Max(1, dstStorageInfo.Width >> (int)copyDstLevel);
+                int dstMipH = Math.Max(1, dstStorageInfo.Height >> (int)copyDstLevel);
+
+                (srcOffsets.Element0, srcOffsets.Element1) = ClampOffsetsToMip(srcOffsets.Element0, srcOffsets.Element1, srcMipW, srcMipH);
+                (dstOffsets.Element0, dstOffsets.Element1) = ClampOffsetsToMip(dstOffsets.Element0, dstOffsets.Element1, dstMipW, dstMipH);
+
                 var region = new ImageBlit
                 {
                     SrcSubresource = srcSl,
@@ -121,6 +138,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Image dstImage,
             TextureCreateInfo srcInfo,
             TextureCreateInfo dstInfo,
+            TextureCreateInfo srcStorageInfo,
+            TextureCreateInfo dstStorageInfo,
             int srcViewLayer,
             int dstViewLayer,
             int srcViewLevel,
@@ -151,6 +170,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 dstImage,
                 srcInfo,
                 dstInfo,
+                srcStorageInfo,
+                dstStorageInfo,
                 srcViewLayer,
                 dstViewLayer,
                 srcViewLevel,
@@ -186,6 +207,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Image dstImage,
             TextureCreateInfo srcInfo,
             TextureCreateInfo dstInfo,
+            TextureCreateInfo srcStorageInfo,
+            TextureCreateInfo dstStorageInfo,
             int srcViewLayer,
             int dstViewLayer,
             int srcViewLevel,
@@ -314,6 +337,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 int copyWidth = sizeInBlocks ? BitUtils.DivRoundUp(width, blockWidth) : width;
                 int copyHeight = sizeInBlocks ? BitUtils.DivRoundUp(height, blockHeight) : height;
 
+                int srcMipW = Math.Max(1, srcStorageInfo.Width >> (srcViewLevel + srcLevel + level));
+                int srcMipH = Math.Max(1, srcStorageInfo.Height >> (srcViewLevel + srcLevel + level));
+                int dstMipW = Math.Max(1, dstStorageInfo.Width >> (dstViewLevel + dstLevel + level));
+                int dstMipH = Math.Max(1, dstStorageInfo.Height >> (dstViewLevel + dstLevel + level));
+
+                copyWidth = Math.Min(copyWidth, Math.Min(srcMipW, dstMipW));
+                copyHeight = Math.Min(copyHeight, Math.Min(srcMipH, dstMipH));
+
                 var extent = new Extent3D((uint)copyWidth, (uint)copyHeight, (uint)srcDepth);
 
                 if (srcInfo.Samples > 1 && srcInfo.Samples != dstInfo.Samples)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/TextureStorage.cs

@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public VkFormat VkFormat { get; }
 
+        public ImageUsageFlags UsageFlags { get; }
+
         public unsafe TextureStorage(
             VulkanRenderer gd,
             Device device,
@@ -93,7 +95,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             var sampleCountFlags = ConvertToSampleCountFlags(gd.Capabilities.SupportedSampleCounts, (uint)info.Samples);
 
-            var usage = GetImageUsage(info.Format, info.Target, gd.Capabilities);
+            ImageUsageFlags usage = GetImageUsage(info.Format, info.Target, gd.Capabilities, isMsImageStorageSupported);
+            UsageFlags = usage;
 
             var flags = ImageCreateFlags.CreateMutableFormatBit | ImageCreateFlags.CreateExtendedUsageBit;
 
@@ -159,7 +162,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
                 _imageAuto = new Auto<DisposableImage>(new DisposableImage(_gd.Api, device, _image));
 
-                InitialTransition(ImageLayout.Preinitialized, ImageLayout.General);
+                InitialTransition(ImageLayout.Undefined, ImageLayout.General);
             }
 
             _slices = new TextureSliceInfo[levels * _depthOrLayers];
@@ -307,7 +310,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
         }
 
-        public static ImageUsageFlags GetImageUsage(Format format, Target target, in HardwareCapabilities capabilities)
+        public static ImageUsageFlags GetImageUsage(Format format, Target target, in HardwareCapabilities capabilities, bool isMsImageStorageSupported)
         {
             var usage = DefaultUsageFlags;
 
@@ -320,8 +323,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 usage |= ImageUsageFlags.ColorAttachmentBit;
             }
 
-            bool isMsImageStorageSupported = capabilities.SupportsShaderStorageImageMultisample;
-
             if (format.IsImageCompatible() && (isMsImageStorageSupported || !target.IsMultisample()))
             {
                 usage |= ImageUsageFlags.StorageBit;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/TextureView.cs

@@ -64,7 +64,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             bool isMsImageStorageSupported = gd.Capabilities.SupportsShaderStorageImageMultisample || !info.Target.IsMultisample();
 
             var format = _gd.FormatCapabilities.ConvertToVkFormat(info.Format, isMsImageStorageSupported);
-            var usage = TextureStorage.GetImageUsage(info.Format, info.Target, gd.Capabilities);
+            var usage = TextureStorage.GetImageUsage(info.Format, info.Target, gd.Capabilities, isMsImageStorageSupported) & storage.UsageFlags;
+
             var levels = (uint)info.Levels;
             var layers = (uint)info.GetLayers();
 
@@ -130,6 +131,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 shaderUsage |= ImageUsageFlags.StorageBit;
             }
 
+            shaderUsage &= storage.UsageFlags;
+
             _imageView = CreateImageView(componentMapping, subresourceRange, type, shaderUsage);
 
             // Framebuffer attachments and storage images requires a identity component mapping.
@@ -254,6 +257,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     dstImage,
                     src.Info,
                     dst.Info,
+                    src.Storage.Info,
+                    dst.Storage.Info,
                     src.FirstLayer,
                     dst.FirstLayer,
                     src.FirstLevel,
@@ -307,6 +312,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     dstImage,
                     src.Info,
                     dst.Info,
+                    src.Storage.Info,
+                    dst.Storage.Info,
                     src.FirstLayer,
                     dst.FirstLayer,
                     src.FirstLevel,
@@ -382,6 +389,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                             dst.GetImage().Get(cbs).Value,
                             src.Info,
                             dst.Info,
+                            src.Storage.Info,
+                            dst.Storage.Info,
                             src.FirstLayer,
                             dst.FirstLayer,
                             src.FirstLevel,
@@ -407,6 +416,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                         dst.GetImage().Get(cbs).Value,
                         src.Info,
                         dst.Info,
+                        src.Storage.Info,
+                        dst.Storage.Info,
                         srcRegion,
                         dstRegion,
                         src.FirstLayer,
@@ -460,6 +471,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 dstImage.Get(cbs).Value,
                 src.Info,
                 dst.Info,
+                src.Storage.Info,
+                dst.Storage.Info,
                 srcRegion,
                 dstRegion,
                 src.FirstLayer,

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VertexBufferState.cs

@@ -67,9 +67,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                         int stride = (_stride + (alignment - 1)) & -alignment;
                         int newSize = (_size / _stride) * stride;
 
-                        var buffer = autoBuffer.Get(cbs, 0, newSize).Value;
-
-                        updater.BindVertexBuffer(cbs, binding, buffer, 0, (ulong)newSize, (ulong)stride);
+                        updater.BindVertexBuffer(cbs, binding, autoBuffer, 0, newSize, (ulong)stride);
 
                         _buffer = autoBuffer;
 
@@ -92,11 +90,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             if (autoBuffer != null)
             {
-                int offset = _offset;
-                bool mirrorable = _size <= VertexBufferMaxMirrorable;
-                var buffer = mirrorable ? autoBuffer.GetMirrorable(cbs, ref offset, _size, out _).Value : autoBuffer.Get(cbs, offset, _size).Value;
-
-                updater.BindVertexBuffer(cbs, binding, buffer, (ulong)offset, (ulong)_size, (ulong)_stride);
+                updater.BindVertexBuffer(cbs, binding, autoBuffer, _offset, _size, (ulong)_stride);
             }
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VertexBufferUpdater.cs

@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private readonly NativeArray<ulong> _sizes;
         private readonly NativeArray<ulong> _strides;
 
+        private readonly Auto<DisposableBuffer>[] _bufferAutos;
+        private readonly int[] _bufferOffsetsForGet;
+        private readonly int[] _bufferSizesForGet;
+
         public VertexBufferUpdater(VulkanRenderer gd)
         {
             _gd = gd;
@@ -23,9 +27,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _offsets = new NativeArray<ulong>(Constants.MaxVertexBuffers);
             _sizes = new NativeArray<ulong>(Constants.MaxVertexBuffers);
             _strides = new NativeArray<ulong>(Constants.MaxVertexBuffers);
+
+            _bufferAutos = new Auto<DisposableBuffer>[Constants.MaxVertexBuffers];
+            _bufferOffsetsForGet = new int[Constants.MaxVertexBuffers];
+            _bufferSizesForGet = new int[Constants.MaxVertexBuffers];
         }
 
-        public void BindVertexBuffer(CommandBufferScoped cbs, uint binding, VkBuffer buffer, ulong offset, ulong size, ulong stride)
+        public void BindVertexBuffer(CommandBufferScoped cbs, uint binding, Auto<DisposableBuffer> autoBuffer, int offset, int size, ulong stride)
         {
             if (_count == 0)
             {
@@ -39,9 +47,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             int index = (int)_count;
 
-            _buffers[index] = buffer;
-            _offsets[index] = offset;
-            _sizes[index] = size;
+            _bufferAutos[index] = autoBuffer;
+            _bufferOffsetsForGet[index] = offset;
+            _bufferSizesForGet[index] = size;
+            _offsets[index] = (ulong)offset;
+            _sizes[index] = (ulong)size;
             _strides[index] = stride;
 
             _count++;
@@ -51,6 +61,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             if (_count != 0)
             {
+                for (int i = 0; i < _count; i++)
+                {
+                    _buffers[i] = _bufferAutos[i].Get(cbs, _bufferOffsetsForGet[i], _bufferSizesForGet[i]).Value;
+                    _bufferAutos[i] = null;
+                }
+
                 if (_gd.Capabilities.SupportsExtendedDynamicState)
                 {
                     _gd.ExtendedDynamicStateApi.CmdBindVertexBuffers2(

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Window.cs

@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             if (availableFormats == null || availableFormats.Length == 0)
             {
-                return new SurfaceFormatKHR(VkFormat.B8G8R8A8Unorm, (ColorSpaceKHR)0);
+                return new SurfaceFormatKHR(VkFormat.B8G8R8A8Unorm, 0);
             }
 
             if (availableFormats.Length == 1 && availableFormats[0].Format == VkFormat.Undefined)
@@ -559,14 +559,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             {
                 if (_effect != null)
                 {
-                    var emptySems = Array.Empty<Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore>();
-                    var waitStagesCO = new PipelineStageFlags[] { PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit };
+                    _gd.FlushAllCommands();
+                    var emptySems = Array.Empty<Semaphore>();
+                    var waitStagesCO = new[] { PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit };
                     _gd.CommandBufferPool.Return(
                         cbs,
                         emptySems,
                         waitStagesCO,
                         emptySems);
-                    _gd.FlushAllCommands();
                     cbs.GetFence().Wait();
                     cbs = _gd.CommandBufferPool.Rent();
                 }
@@ -642,11 +642,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     ImageLayout.PresentSrcKhr);
             }
 
-            var waitSems = new Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore[] { _imageAvailableSemaphores[semaphoreIndex] };
-            var waitStages = new PipelineStageFlags[] { PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit }; // Important on Android
-            var signalSems = new Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore[] { _renderFinishedSemaphores[semaphoreIndex] };
+            var waitSems = new[] { _imageAvailableSemaphores[semaphoreIndex] };
+            var waitStages = new[] { PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit }; // Important on Android
+            var signalSems = new[] { _renderFinishedSemaphores[semaphoreIndex] };
             _gd.CommandBufferPool.Return(cbs, waitSems, waitStages, signalSems);
 
+            _gd.FlushAllCommands();
+
             PresentOne(_gd, _renderFinishedSemaphores[semaphoreIndex], _swapchain, nextImage);
 
             swapBuffersCallback?.Invoke();
@@ -654,11 +656,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         private static unsafe void PresentOne(
             VulkanRenderer gd,
-            Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore signal,
+            Semaphore signal,
             SwapchainKHR swapchain,
             uint imageIndex)
         {
-            Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore* pWait = stackalloc Silk.NET.Vulkan.Semaphore[1];
+            Semaphore* pWait = stackalloc Semaphore[1];
             SwapchainKHR* pSwap = stackalloc SwapchainKHR[1];
             uint* pImageIndex = stackalloc uint[1];